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Showing posts from May, 2012

Media coverage Gamescom

sony virtual reality (vr) during gamescom 2017 while press conferences not available live streaming, electronic arts streaming press conference on ea.com. sony computer entertainment europe showcased press conference on online community-based service playstation home shortly afterwards. sony made press conference available download on playstation store. various gaming websites offered live-blogging of respective press conferences.

Motivation and Negotiations Sykes–Picot Agreement

edward grey signed agreement british in constantinople agreement earlier in 1915, following start of naval operations in run gallipoli campaign russian foreign minister, sergey sazonov, wrote french , uk ambassadors , staked claim constantinople , straits of dardanelles. in series of diplomatic exchanges on 5 weeks, uk , france both agreed, while putting forward own claims, increased sphere of influence in iran in case of uk , annex of syria (including palestine) , cilicia france. uk , french claims both agreed sides agreeing exact governance of holy places left later settlement. although agreement never implemented because of russian revolution, in force direct motivation @ time sykes–picot agreement being negotiated. the report of de bunsen committee, prepared determine british wartime policy toward ottoman empire, , submitted in june 1915, concluded that, in case of partition or zones of influence options, there should british sphere of influence included palestine while accepting t...

Bloodline Zóbel de Ayala family

^ borja, marciano (may 1, 2005). basques in philippines. united states of america: university of nevada press. pp. 123–128. isbn 0874175909.  ^ http://manila.coconuts.co/2014/06/11/don-antonio-melian-el-hogar ^ jacobo zobel s death certificate .  ^ abc (madrid) - 23/07/1971, p. 87 - abc.es hemeroteca . hemeroteca.abc.es.  ^ seed, john (march–april 2009). fernando zóbel de ayala brief life of peripatetic man of arts: 1924-1984. harvard, ma: harvard business school. retrieved 6 june 2014. 

Spur route Arkansas Highway 78

highway 78 spur western terminus @ highway 238 highway 78 spur (ar 78s, ark. 78s, , hwy. 78s) spur route of 0.08 miles (0.13 km) in moro. route description the route begins @ highway 78 in downtown moro , runs southwest 1 block highway 238. history formerly under city maintenance, 1 block connecting highway 78 , highway 238 added state highway network ashc on february 21, 2001. major intersections the entire route in moro, lee county.

Books Michael A. Rogers

^ michael rogers (1973). mindfogger. alfred a. knopf incorporated. isbn 978-0-394-48401-3. retrieved july 23, 2013.  ^ michael rogers (january 1, 1979). not worry bear: stories. knopf. retrieved july 23, 2013.  ^ michael rogers (1977). biohazard. alfred a. knopf. isbn 978-0-394-40128-7. retrieved july 23, 2013.  ^ michael rogers (january 1, 1982). silicon valley: novel. simon , schuster. isbn 978-0-671-41030-8. retrieved july 23, 2013.  ^ michael rogers (december 1, 1987). forbidden sequence. bantam books. isbn 978-0-553-27080-8. retrieved july 23, 2013. 

History Crown the Empire

1 history 1.1 formation, limitless , signing rise records (2010–12) 1.2 second vocalist , fallout (2012–13) 1.3 fallout reissue , resistance: rise of runaways 1.4 retrograde , escamilla s departure history formation, limitless , signing rise records (2010–12) crown empire formed in july 2010 andrew velasquez, austin duncan, hayden tree, , brandon hoover during time @ colleyville heritage high school. band formed when brandon , austin decided start jamming together. band s ultimate goal heavier bands in area, while bringing huge, poppy choruses genre can become pretty stale. originally, drummer alex massey filled drumming position in band, replaced current drummer, brent taddie in may 2011. during 2011, members of crown empire held extensive search guitarist join band. 1 person audition austin post, known rapper post malone, had allegedly broke string during audition , not hired on. welcomed bennett vogelman (benn suede) band new lead guitarist. the band started recording debut ep...

Regulations Pasta

a small hand-cranked pasta machine designed sheet fresh pasta dough , cut tagliatelle. fresh , stabilized pastas (paste alimentari fresche e stabilizzate): includes fresh , stabilized pastas, may made soft-wheat flour without restriction on amount. prepackaged fresh pasta must have water content not less 24%, must stored refrigerated @ temperature of not more 4 °c (with 2 °c tolerance), must have undergone heat treatment @ least equivalent pasteurisation, , must sold within 5 days of date of manufacture. stabilized pasta has lower allowed water content of 20%, , manufactured using process , heat treatment allows transported , stored @ ambient temperatures. the italian regulations under presidential decree n° 187 apply commercial manufacturing of pastas both made , sold within italy. not applicable either pasta made export italy or pastas imported italy other countries. not apply pastas made in restaurants. united states in united states, regulations commercial pasta products o...

National forest created Little Sur River

bixby canyon bridge under construction in 1932. in october, 1905 land makes los padres national forest, including south fork , portions of upper reaches of north fork of little sur river watershed, withdrawn public settlement united states land office, although current landholders allowed retain property. in january 1908, 39 sections of land, totaling 25,000 acres (10,000 ha), added monterey national forest president theodore roosevelt in presidential proclamation. several tanning companies , homesteaders retained ownership of land within area not purchased government. by 1916 kron tanning company of santa cruz , eberhard tanning company of santa clara had acquired of acreage along little sur river original owners. interest in preserving abundant growth of redwoods in area prompted newspaper publisher william randolph hearst purchase entire acreage. on november 18, 1921, hearst sunical land , packing company paid approximately $50,000 buy land tanning companies.

Sindhi language Sindhi Language Authority

sindhi 1 of major languages of pakistan, spoken in province of sindh approximately forty million people. 1 of oldest languages of sub-continent rich culture, vast folklore , extensive literature. linguistic boundaries sindhi has extended boundaries beyond province of sindh . in northern sindh flows on north-west balochistan province, former bahawalpur state (now in punjab), on west bounded mountain range separating sindh balochistan. this boundary has not been crossed sindhi, except in southern part of hilly area of kohistan. here in general, language spoken balochi sindhi spoken large number of population. spoken mother tongue in parts of balochistan. has spread influence still further towards persian gulf in lasbella area of balochistan , spoken first language along makrani coast large number of people in jadgal, gwadar, ormara , pasni, , has crossed gulf , spoken in muskat, uae , in coastal region. in east , south-west, sindhi has crossed rann of kutch , spoken large number of peopl...

Arab Spring Democracy in the Middle East

the protests, uprisings , revolutions in middle east , north africa, beginning on 18 december 2010, brought overthrow of tunisian , egyptian governments. libya brought 6-month civil war brought end of gaddafi s 41-year rule. bahrain , yemen experiencing uprisings. uprising in syria led full-scale civil war. tunisia , egypt have held elections considered fair observers. mohamed mursi sworn in egypt s first democratically elected president on 30 june 2012 , removed field marshal abdel fattah el-sisi in june 2013. many other countries in region calling democracy , freedom, including: algeria, armenia, azerbaijan, djibouti, iran, iraq, jordan, oman, yemen, kuwait, mauritania, morocco, saudi arabia, sudan , turkey. research confirms (in general) people in islamic societies support democracy.

History and products Automobiles Rally

1930 rally roadster bv (987 cc) the company founded in 1921 eugène affovard asnière, engineer. first product classic cyclecar equipped 989 cc harley-davidson v-twin engine. typical of producers in category, subsequent automobiles (beginning in 1922) used proprietary engines (usually of 1.1 litres) , transmissions producers chapuis-dornier, cime, ruby, or s.c.a.p.. rallys long, sleek, , light , seated two. on cars passenger seat mounted farther driver s seat, although later changed improve comfort. 1931 salmson-engined rally nc at 1926 paris salon underslung grand sport shown, supercharged 1,093 cc chapuis-dornier engine of 70 ps (51 kw). enabled top speed of circa 180 km/h (110 mph). 14 16 grand sports built, beginning in 1927. 3 still exist. in 1928 grand sport cost ff 42.900. mechanical drum brakes , three-speed manual transmission norm rally s cars of twenties. 1933 rally ncp, 1 of last built in 1927 rally abc, available 3 inline-four engine options...

Match 2011 FA Trophy Final

darlington , mansfield teams lining before game the final played on 7 may 2011 @ london s wembley stadium. darlington defeated mansfield town 1–0 after time, goal striker chris senior. first time darlington had scored @ wembley in 3 visits national stadium. the game particularly affair both sides carving out chances. darlington goalkeeper sam russell had alert on clear adam murray pass had sent duncan russell clean through on goal. @ other end, alan marriott did punch away corner aaron brown before liam hatch head on it. in 18th minute, mansfield corner met head of former darlington captain steve foster, ball sailed on bar. on 32 minutes, gary smith broke mansfield, appeared brought down louis briscoe. referee stuart attwell, placed, waved away penalty appeals. darlington suffered blow on 38 minutes when smith, had been lively in midfield, limped off replaced aman verma. first half of match concluded score @ 0–0. despite darlington dominating opening exchanges of second half, mansfield...

Masters of the Universe (1987 film) He-Man

in 1987, cannon films produced live-action film directed gary goddard, masters of universe, featured dolph lundgren in role of he-man; commercial failure. in film, prince adam not seen @ all; he-man shown. he-man more aggressive 1980s tv-series counterpart, attacking lasers, sword , bare fists several times throughout film. film ended spectacular , violent clash skeletor, in skeletor flung deep beneath castle grayskull pit filled steaming liquid. film ended post-credit scene in skeletor emerged liquid , proclaimed, ll back! .

Distribution Sperm whale

global concentrations of sperm whales sperm whales among cosmopolitan species. prefer ice-free waters on 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) deep. although both sexes range through temperate , tropical oceans , seas, adult males populate higher latitudes. among several regions such along coastal waters of southern australia, sperm whales have been considered locally extinct. they relatively abundant poles equator , found in oceans. inhabit mediterranean sea, not black sea, while presence in red sea uncertain. shallow entrances both black sea , red sea may account absence. black sea s lower layers anoxic , contain high concentrations of sulphur compounds such hydrogen sulphide. first ever sighting in pakistan made in 2017. first ever record on west coast of korean peninsula (yellow sea) made in 2005. followed 1 on ganghwa island in 2009. populations denser close continental shelves , canyons. sperm whales found in deep, off-shore waters, may seen closer shore, in areas continental shelf small ,...

Election results Pontiac (electoral district)

1 election results 1.1 pontiac, 2003-present 1.2 pontiac—gatineau—labelle, 1979-2003 1.3 pontiac, 1968-1979 1.4 pontiac, 1867-1948 election results pontiac, 2003-present note: conservative vote compared total of canadian alliance vote , progressive conservative vote in 2000 election. pontiac—gatineau—labelle, 1979-2003 pontiac, 1968-1979 note: social credit vote compared ralliement créditiste vote in 1968 election. pontiac, 1867-1948 note: conservative vote compared government vote in 1917 election, , liberal vote compared opposition vote

Musculature Human vestigiality

1 musculature 1.1 head 1.2 face 1.3 arm 1.4 torso 1.5 leg 1.6 tongue musculature a number of muscles in human body thought vestigial, either virtue of being reduced in size compared homologous muscles in other species, having become principally tendonous, or being highly variable in frequency within or between populations. head the occipitalis minor muscle in of head joins auricular muscles of ear. muscle sporadic in frequency—always present in malays, in 56% of africans, 50% of japanese, 36% of europeans, , nonexistent in khoikhoi people of southwestern africa , in melanesians. other small muscles in head associated occipital region , post-auricular muscle complex variable in frequency. the platysma, quadrangular (four sides) muscle in sheet-like configuration, vestigial remnant of panniculous carnosus of animals. in horses, muscle allows flick fly off back. face in many non-human mammals, upper lip , sinus area associated whiskers or vibrissae serve sensory function. in humans, these...

Conference venue Gleneagles Hotel

the facade of hotel its luxury , degree of remoteness have made gleneagles ideal location international conferences , spa retreat. significant conferences have taken place (or take place) @ gleneagles include: the gleneagles agreement on sporting contacts south africa @ commonwealth heads of government meeting 1977. the 1986 meeting ( 25–27 april) of bilderberg group 31st g8 summit in july 2005 – london tube bombings took place in middle of summit. meeting saw foundation of g8+5.

Cultural segments 2016 Summer Paralympics opening ceremony

amy purdy dances alongside robotic arm. a segment representing vision called beyond vision created brazilian light artist muti randolph featured dancers dressed in black while carrying white light sticks, followed routine pair of partially-sighted dancers aided tactile floor. followed segments paying tribute sports featured during games. paralympic emblem formed on arena floor, followed entry , raising of paralympic flag; flag brought in members of associação de assistência à criança deficiente (an organization disabled youth), , montage of paralympic athletes played while flag raised. following taking of oaths, dancer , paralympic snowboarder amy purdy, dressed in 3d printed dress designed fashion designer danit peleg, performed dance routine kuka robotic arm, symbolized co-existence of humans , technology.

History University of San Agustin

the original urdaneta hall, built in 1939 , named after andrés de urdaneta, 1 of first catholic missionaries came philippines, oldest spanish structure in san agustin. the spanish augustinians first christian missionaries of religious order enter philippines , begin conversion catholicism. later after revolution, spanish augustinian friars removed 194 parishes , left philippines in 1899, turning on churches , mission stations secular clergy. order retained few parishes, including main foundations in cebu, manila, , iloilo, american friars taking on them. on july 15, 1904, filipino , american augustinian priests, accompanied few friars spain belonging province of holy name of jesus of philippines assistance american confreres augustinian u.s. province of st. thomas of villanova, founded university of san agustin. began preparatory school boys during american colonial period. on december 12, 1912, granted government recognition various course offerings. later on 5 february 1917, formally...

History and uses Message in a bottle

the u.s. coast , geodetic survey (c&gs) used drift bottles 1846 1966. more recently, technologies involving satellite tags, fixed current profilers , satellite communication have permitted more efficient analysis of ocean currents: @ given time, thousands of modern drifters transmit current position, temperature, velocity, etc., satellites, avoiding conventional drift bottles dependence on serendipitous finds , cooperation conscientious citizens. agencies continue use drift bottles 21st century, increased awareness man-made floating items can harm marine life or constitute waste material, biodegradable drift cards , biodegradable wooden drifters gaining favor. drift bottle studies have provided simple way learn non-tidal movement of waters containing eggs , larvae of commercially important fishes, sharing among fisheries scientists , oceanographers. such experiments simulate travel of pollutants such oil spills, study formation of ocean gyre garbage patches, , suggest travel p...

Discography Steg G

^ pearson, beth (6 march 2004). cds . herald. retrieved 12 april 2015.  ^ gieben, bram (15 february 2006). steg g & freestyle master – temptation . skinny. retrieved 12 april 2015.  ^ pollock, david (17 october 2006). steg g & freestyle master – cd review . list. retrieved 12 april 2015.  ^ entertainment: music: news albums . daily record. 2 june 2006. retrieved 12 april 2015.  ^ fulton, rick (12 january 2007). entertainment: music: soundcheck . daily record. retrieved 12 april 2015.  ^ 12 reviews: steg g , freestyle master – inner city pressures ep (powercut productions) . www.britishhiphop.co.uk. 4 april 2014. 

Casualties Hadassah medical convoy massacre

hadassah convoy memorial @ hadassah university hospital, mt. scopus hadassah convoy story @ hadassah university hospital, mt. scopus ha ayin-het street, named slain 78 of convoy har hatzofim in attack, 78 jews , 1 british soldier killed gunfire or burnt when vehicles set on fire. twenty-three women. among dead dr. chaim yassky, director of hospital, , dr. moshe ben-david, slated head new medical school (which established hebrew university in 1950s). most of bodies burned beyond recognition. 31 victims identified buried individually. remaining 47 jews purportedly buried in mass grave in sanhedria cemetery. however, in mid-1970s, yehoshua levanon, son of 1 of victims, discovered commission of inquiry convened @ time of attack reported 25 buried in mass grave , 22 victims missing. going in search of missing bodies, in 1993 met arab had participated in ambush, claimed attackers had buried stray body parts in mass grave near lions gate. in 1996 levinson petitioned israeli high court force ...

Further reading Pharsalia

pharsalia, 1740 lucan (c. 1600). first book of lucan translated english. translated christopher marlowe. retrieved august 15, 2017 – via perseus digital library.  lucan (1614). lvcans pharsalia. translated arthur gorges. london, uk: edward blount. retrieved august 15, 2017 – via university of virginia library.  lucan (1718). lucan s pharsalia. translated nicholas rowe. london, uk: james carson. retrieved august 15, 2017.  lucan; may, thomas (1679). lucan s pharsalia: englished thomas may (a continuation of subject of lucan s historical poem, till death of julius cæsar). translated thomas may. peter parker.  lucan (1896). pharsalia. translated edward ridley. london, uk: longmans, green, , co. retrieved august 15, 2017 – via wayback machine.  lucan (1928). j. d. duff, ed. lucan: civil war. loeb classical library. 220. cambridge, ma: harvard university press.  lucan (1957). pharsalia. translated robert graves. baltimore, md: penguin books.  lucan (1988). ...

United States military bases Manuel Roxas

one of last pictures of president manuel roxas. although roxas successful in getting rehabilitation funds united states after independence, forced concede military bases (23 of leased 99 years), trade restriction philippine citizens, , special privileges u.s. property owner , investor.

The Directory and Napoleonic Era Modern history

the executive directory body of 5 directors held executive power in france following convention , preceding consulate. period of regime (2 november 1795 until 10 november 1799), commonly known directory (or directoire) era, constitutes second last stage of french revolution. napoleon, before seizing title of emperor, elected first consul of consulate of france. the campaigns of french emperor , general napoleon bonaparte characterized napoleonic era. born on corsica french invaded, , dying suspiciously on tiny british island of st. helena, brilliant commander, controlled french empire that, @ height, ruled large portion of europe directly paris, while many of friends , family ruled countries such spain, poland, several parts of italy , many other kingdoms republics , dependencies. napoleonic era changed face of europe forever, , old empires , kingdoms fell apart result of mighty , glorious surge of republicanism.

Physical properties never before produced in nature Negative-index metamaterial

1 physical properties never before produced in nature 1.1 composite material 1.2 simultaneous negative permittivity , permeability 1.3 composite material passband 1.4 describing left-handed material physical properties never before produced in nature theoretical articles published in 1996 , 1999 showed synthetic materials constructed purposely exhibit negative permittivity , permeability. these papers, along veselago s 1967 theoretical analysis of properties of negative-index materials, provided background fabricate metamaterial negative effective permittivity , permeability. see below. a metamaterial developed exhibit negative-index behavior typically formed individual components. each component responds differently , independently radiated electromagnetic wave travels through material. since these components smaller radiated wavelength understood macroscopic view includes effective value both permittivity , permeability. composite material in year 2000, david r. smith s team of ucsd ...

The Carr years (2000-2006) Green Party of British Columbia

adriane carr, party founder, leader (1983-1985, 2000-2006) the party s increased poll standing, new position on collaboration longtime rivals , impending electoral success attracted attention of number of prominent environmentalists, led adriane carr, began campaign in 1999 remove party s leadership. group conducted bitter year-long public campaign included unsuccessful lawsuit against party , later-disproven allegations against party s leader , board of directors including fraud, vote-rigging , theft. although group defeated @ party s 1999 convention, triumphed in 2000. shortly thereafter, party elected carr new leader; since 2001, party leader has ceased subject annual review votes, process parker removed. following 2000 convention, of party s elected municipal representatives , other members resigned. with high-profile changes @ top, party able improve on 9% poll standing @ beginning of 2000 , reached 12% of popular vote in may 2001 provincial election. in spite of significant suppo...

Rachel Fabri All Angels

rachel fabri (born 12 september 1985 in malta) raised in malta, trained @ masquerade theatre arts school. trained privately under tuition of soprano gillian zammit. later received master s degree in musical theatre @ guildford school of acting. actor singer singing kinds of different styles. rachel fabri newest member of group, having joined angels in july 2010. rachel psychology graduate university of malta. fabri s roles have included performances @ edinburgh fringe festival lead role in persephone , london palladium in me , girl , abdel akle in lee tamahori film devil s double .

Treatment Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma

1 treatment 1.1 effects of treatment on symptoms 1.2 side effects of treatment 1.2.1 brain surgery 1.2.2 radiation therapy 1.3 prognosis following treatment 1.3.1 response progressive or recurrent disease treatment pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, visualized under microscope. surgery treatment of choice. total resection (removal of tumor) possible. however, best choice of treatment depend on many individual factors, including: the patient s medical history , overall health condition the type, location, , size of tumor the patient s age how patient tolerates specific medications, procedures, or therapy how or tumor expected progress if surgery performed , tumor resected, further treatment may not required. patient will, however, need repeated mris monitor tumor re-growth. for tumors recur, surgical resection might attempted. tumors not removed, radiation therapy may recommended. called radiotherapy, treatment uses high-energy radiation damage or kill cancer cells , shrink tumors. effects ...

The Pearson type VII family Kurtosis

pdf pearson type vii distribution excess kurtosis of infinity (red); 2 (blue); , 0 (black) log-pdf pearson type vii distribution excess kurtosis of infinity (red); 2 (blue); 1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, , 1/16 (gray); , 0 (black) the effects of kurtosis illustrated using parametric family of distributions kurtosis can adjusted while lower-order moments , cumulants remain constant. consider pearson type vii family, special case of pearson type iv family restricted symmetric densities. probability density function given by f ( x ; a , m ) = Γ ( m ) a π Γ ( m − 1 / ...

Post-match 1999 FA Cup Final

despite being substituted in game, roy keane received fa cup manchester united. although peter schmeichel had taken on captain after roy keane substituted during game, keane led manchester united team royal box receive fa cup charles, prince of wales. present in royal box duke , duchess of kent (the duke performing role president of football association), prime minister tony blair, fa chief executive geoff thompson, manchester united chairman martin edwards , newcastle chairman john hall. after match, alex ferguson praised teddy sheringham immediate impact after being brought on replace keane, saying: teddy magnificent. has proved point today. key victory. complimented david beckham on performance in central midfield after keane s withdrawal: beckham took on keane s role , absolutely magnificent... people going barcelona without roy keane major hurdle, don t think now. ryan giggs recognised importance of scoring first goal in game, saying: helped getting goal second. hard newcastl...

SB SD SI SJ SN SS SW - Brazil List of airports by ICAO code: S

1 sb sd si sj sn ss sw - brazil 1.1 sb 1.2 sd 1.3 si 1.4 sj 1.5 sn 1.6 ss 1.7 sw sb sd si sj sn ss sw - brazil also see airport category , list. sb sbaa (cdj) – conceicao araguaia airport – conceição araguaia, pará sban (aps) – anápolis air base – anápolis, goiás sbaq (aqa) – araraquara airport – araraquara, são paulo sbar (aju) – santa maria airport – aracaju, sergipe sbas (aif) – assis airport – assis, são paulo sbat (afl) – alta floresta airport – alta floresta, mato grosso sbau (aru) – araçatuba airport – araçatuba, são paulo sbbe (bel) – val de cães international airport – belém, pará sbbg (bgx) – comandante gustavo kraemer airport – bagé, rio grande sul sbbh (plu) – pampulha domestic airport – belo horizonte, minas gerais sbbi (bfh) – bacacheri airport – curitiba, paraná sbbp (bjp) – bragança paulista airport – bragança paulista, são paulo sbbq (qak) – barbacena airport – barbacena, minas gerais sbbr (bsb) – presidente juscelino kubitschek international airport – brasília, federa...

Geography Fischbach (Taunus)

1 geography 1.1 location 1.2 traffic 1.3 structure of town geography location mountains surrounding fischbach the town situated in valley of creek same name in taunus mountain range. neighbour towns hornau in east, kelkheim-mitte in southeast , ruppertshain in northwest cities of eppstein in west , königstein im taunus in northeast. eponymous creek has source below ruppertshain, flows through fischbach , tight fischbachtal (fish creek valley), until creek reaches schwarzbach (black creek) in eppstein. fischbach surrounded of 3 mountains, fischbacher kopf, staufen , rossert. despite of idyllic location, fischbach suburb of frankfurt rhein-main region. traffic bundesstraße 455 (federal highway 455) heads königstein via fischbach eppstein , wiesbaden. former through road substituted bypass in 1980s. new road not bypass fischbach crosses town on artificial embankment destroyed meadows of creek. town center @ langstraße crossed bridge. 3 bus routes connect fischbach frankfurt transit system...

Physical.2C virtual and combined value chain Value chain

michael porter the value chain categorizes generic value-adding activities of organization. activities considered under product/service enhancement process can broadly categorized under 2 major activity-sets. in practice of 2013, no progressive organisation can afford remain stuck 1 of these value chains. in order cover both market spaces (physical world , cyber world), organisations need deploy best practices in both of these spaces churn out informative data, can further used improve ongoing products/services or develop new product/service. hence organisations today try employ combined value chain. combined value chain = physical value shown in sample below. this value-chain matrix suggests there number of opportunities improvement in business process.