Operations Talvivaara Mining Company

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the talvivaara mine 1 of largest nickel mines in finland. mine located in sotkamo in eastern finland , employs 400 people. open-pit mine, 22 km sotkamo , 28 km kajaani. mine consists of 2 deposits 3 km apart, kuusilampi , kolmisoppi, , has annual production capacity of on 10 million tonnes of ore. mine has reserves amounting 1 billion tonnes of ore grading 0.22% nickel, 0.13% copper, 0.5% zinc , 0.02% cobalt resulting 2.2 million tonnes of nickel, 1.3 million tonnes of copper, 5 million tonnes of zinc , 0.2 million tonnes of cobalt. 90% of nickel deposited in black schist rock, contains 31% sulfides, of consist of iron sulfide minerals. nickel-bearing sulfide minerals pentlandite, altered pentlandite , pyrrhotite present in low concentrations, accessible bioheap leaching.


the metals extracted bioheap leaching, method natural bacteria living in rock accelerate metal leaching oxidation. in conventional leaching, coat of porous sulfide rock left behind on shrinking core of nickel in grain. in contrast, in bioheap leaching, oxidation of sulfides causes eventual disintegration of porous rock, exposing more area achievable chemical means only. ground ore built heaps 1.2 km long , 400 m wide, , recycling irrigation system used keep grains wet. heat produced bacterial oxidation keeps heap warm throughout year. extraction done twice in primary , secondary heaps. in pilot heap, on 90% of nickel , 80% of zinc recovered within 500 days of leaching. cobalt , copper recoveries lower, 14% , 2%, respectively. resulting green-colored solution refined metals. treatment hydrogen sulfide precipitates copper sulfide, zinc sulfide , nickel-cobalt sulfide.


in 2011 cameco signed agreement talvivaara, cameco pay us$60 million construct uranium extraction circuit @ mine in sotkamo. talvivaara pay initial construction costs in form of uranium concentrate; once initial costs paid cameco continue purchase uranium concentrate @ pricing formula based on market price on day of delivery.


a railway track built in order transport nickel-cobalt concentrate norilsk nickel smeltery in harjavalta, finland.








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