Imperial Russia Modern history

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under peter (the great), russia proclaimed empire in 1721 , became recognized world power. ruling 1682 1725, peter defeated sweden in great northern war, forcing cede west karelia , ingria (two regions lost russia in time of troubles), estland , livland, securing russia s access sea , sea trade. on baltic sea peter founded new capital called saint petersburg, later known russia s window europe. peter great s reforms brought considerable western european cultural influences russia. catherine ii (the great), ruled in 1762–96, extended russian political control on polish-lithuanian commonwealth , incorporated of territories russia during partitions of poland, pushing russian frontier westward central europe. in south, after successful russo-turkish wars against ottoman empire, catherine advanced russia s boundary black sea, defeating crimean khanate.








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