Describing a left-handed material Negative-index metamaterial

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a comparison of refraction in negative-index metamaterial in conventional material having same, positive refractive index. incident beam θ enters air , refracts in normal (θ ) or metamaterial (-θ ).


from conclusions in above section left-handed material (lhm) can defined. material exhibits simultaneous negative values permittivity, ε, , permeability, μ, in overlapping frequency region. since values derived effects of composite medium system whole, these defined effective permittivity, εeff, , effective permeability, μeff. real values derived denote value of negative index of refraction, , wave vectors. means in practice losses occur given medium used transmit electromagnetic radiation such microwave, or infrared frequencies, or visible light – example. in instance, real values describe either amplitude or intensity of transmitted wave relative incident wave, while ignoring negligible loss values.








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